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作者
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林言品、賴政宏、鄭豐邦 |
| 中文病名 | 肺血管血栓症 |
| 英文病名 | Pulmonary Thromboembolism |
| 疾病描述 |
病因：肺部血管被血管內的固體、液體或空氣塊所形成的栓子栓塞，造成肺臟組織灌流不足造成低血氧。創傷、肥胖、糖尿病或其他原因的凝血機制亢進等，容易誘發血栓形成，也容易造成肺血管血栓症的發生。
臨床症狀：呼吸困難、呼吸急促、咳嗽、水腫、末梢肢體血液回流不良。 |
| 診斷方法 |
1. 心電圖：T波和ST段改變或是P波和QRS波形改變。 2. 肺部X光片檢查。 3. 電腦斷層掃描。 4. 肺動脈血管攝影。 5. 血液學檢查。 6. 肺血液灌流及氣體分布檢查。 |
| 治療方法 |
發生此疾病病徵時，需要盡早進行治療，包括保持呼吸及心血管系統的正常功能以及提供足夠的氧氣給予。 |
| 預防控制方法 |
1. 減少長時間肢體不活動。 2. 注意外出安全，減少外傷的發生。 3. 若動物本身有下肢靜脈炎或相關疾病時，要提早進行治療。 若是動物為容易發生血栓，則可能需要進行長期的抗凝治療。 |
| 相關圖片 |
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<p> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> (Fuentes </span><i style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">et al</i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">., 2010)</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">圖一：此為肺血管血栓症之六歲齡沙皮狗胸腔放射線圖象，拍攝方式為背腹照。其有肺血管血栓症並且繼發腎臟疾病，肺臟之右後葉因有纖維化的血管而呈現高明亮影像。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">(Fuentes </span><i style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">et al</i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">., 2010)</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">圖二：此為犬隻胸腔斷層掃描影像。患犬有肺血管血栓症，其右肺動脈</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體"> (</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:標楷體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">左方箭頭指向處</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體">) </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">呈現擴張並且有邊緣不規則以及密度不均勻的情形。其左肺動脈</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體"> (</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:標楷體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">右方箭頭指向處</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體">) </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">相對較小，表示其管腔內灌流有損失。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">(<span style="background:white;mso-bidi-font-style:italic">Schwarz T <i>et al</i>., 2008</span>) </span><br /> <a id="fck_paste_padding"> <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">圖三：此為犬隻胸腔斷層掃描影像。患犬有肺血管血栓症，其肺臟有實質</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US; mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA"> (</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">黑色箭頭</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體;mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">) </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">和擴張的肺葉動脈</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language:AR-SA"> (</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: 標楷體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">逆時針轉之彎曲白色箭頭</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US; mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">)</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">，右後肺葉之肺葉動脈</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language:AR-SA"> (</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: 標楷體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">順時針轉之彎曲白色箭頭</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US; mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">) </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">及左右後肺葉靜脈</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體;mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> (</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">白色箭頭</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">) </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: 標楷體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">有縮小情形。</span></a></p> |
| 參考文獻 |
1. Fuentes, Virginia LJ, Lynelle RD. BASAVA manual of canine and feline cardiorespiratory medicine 2nd edition, 2010: 54. 2. Fuentes, Virginia LJ, Lynelle RD. BASAVA manual of canine and feline cardiorespiratory medicine 2nd edition, 2010: 65. 3. Schwarz T, Johnson V. BASAVA manual of canine and feline thoracic imaging, 2008: 179. Richard WN, Couto CG. Small animal internal medicine 5th, 2014: 337-345 |
| 參考連結 | 文件連結 |
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